Saburi Oladeni Biobaku (June 16, 1918–February 17, 2001) was a distinguished Nigerian historian, scholar, and academic administrator whose work significantly contributed to the understanding of Yoruba history and culture.
Early Life and Education
Born in Igbore, Abeokuta, Biobaku hailed from a prominent Muslim family. His father, Sanni Oloyede Biobaku, was a notable transporter, and his maternal grandfather, Alfa Bisiriyu Giwa, was a respected Islamic scholar. Biobaku began his education in Quranic schools before attending Ogbe Methodist Primary School in Abeokuta. He furthered his studies at Government College, Ibadan, and Yaba Higher College. Pursuing higher education abroad, he earned a master’s degree from Trinity College, Cambridge, and later obtained his Ph.D. from the University of London’s Institute of Historical Research.
Academic and Professional Career
Upon returning to Nigeria, Biobaku embarked on a teaching career at Government College, Ibadan, and Government College, Umuahia. He later served as the first African Registrar of the University of Ibadan. In 1965, he was appointed the second Vice-Chancellor of the University of Lagos, a position he held until 1971. His appointment was met with controversy, leading to an assassination attempt by a student, Kayode Adams, who believed the selection was ethnically motivated. Biobaku survived the attack and continued his academic pursuits.
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Contributions to Yoruba Historiography
Biobaku was instrumental in advancing Yoruba historiography, building upon the foundational work of Samuel Johnson. His notable publications include:
- The Egba and Their Neighbours, 1842–1872 (1957): This work provides an in-depth analysis of the Egba people and their interactions with neighboring groups during a transformative period in Yoruba history. Chicago Journals
- Sources of Yoruba History (1973): A compilation of essays and documents that serve as essential references for scholars studying Yoruba history and culture.
Legacy
Beyond his scholarly contributions, Biobaku played a pivotal role in Nigeria’s educational development. He served as the pro-chancellor of Obafemi Awolowo University and chaired the editorial board of the Encyclopedia Africana project. His dedication to preserving and promoting Yoruba heritage has left an indelible mark on African historiography. Saburi Biobaku passed away in London on February 17, 2001, leaving behind a rich legacy of academic excellence and cultural advocacy.
